토렌트Torrent에 빠지다

미드를 보다가 다음이야기가 너무 궁금해서 관심을 갖게 된 토렌트torrent.
그 놀라움에 푹 빠지고 있다.
100MB 광랜을 사용중이지만 여태껏 사용한 어떤 웹하드나 P2P에서도 10MB에 육박하는 속도를 본 적이 없는데
토렌트는 당연한 듯 그 속도가 나온다. (물론, P2P방식이라 사용자들의 설정과 환경에 따른 영향을 많이 받는다.)
게다가, 직접 주고 받는 게 아닌 다수로부터 데이터를 분산시켜 받아들이는 방식이니 깔끔하기도 하다.
(그런 면에서 뮤토렌트μTorrent의 설정은 중요하기도 하다.)

아직 제대로, 체계적인 지식을 갖고 있지는 못하지만, (많이 알아야 되는건가?)
나처럼 문외한으로서 뭔가 좀 알고 싶은 이들을 위해 현재까지 알아낸 도움될 곳들을 남겨본다.

토렌트에 관한 지식을 쌓으려면... 단연코, http://bittalk.org/ 를 추천한다.
검색해 보면 기본 이상의 팁은 얻을 수 있고, 활용도 가능하지만 제대로 된 지식은 비트톡크에서 많이 얻을 수 있다.

실용적인 부분에서 쉽고, 간단한 팁은 http://www.cyworld.com/eskool/ 의 컴퓨터강좌에 가면...
초보자를 위한 사용법과 '설정'에 대해서는 http://www.ahngun.com/58 에서,
쉽게 쓰여졌으면서 유용한 http://deepsky.textcube.com/19 등에서 기본을 얻을 수 있다.

토렌트 파일을 검색하고, 다운로드 하려면...(한글)
http://www.etorrent.co.kr/    혹은  http://bogobogo.net/ 이 좋다.
왜냐하면, 주민등록번호가 필요없는 회원가입이고 왠만한 파일은 다 찾을 수 있는 곳이라....^^

그외.... 묻지도, 따지지도 않는 http://eztorrent.kr/  , 
                                          http://www.bittorrent.co.kr/

영어나 기타 외국어 자체로도 만족할 수 있다면... http://btjunkie.org/ 
                                                                   http://saikotorrent.co.cc/
                                                                   http://www.completorrent.com/
                                                                   http://scrapetorrent.com/

당연하지만, 토렌트 파일을 받고, 공유(seeding)하려면 μTorrent stable v.2.0.2는 필수 http://www.utorrent.com/downloads

utorrent.exe

                                                                                                                     http://bramcohen.com/BitTorrent/


검색과 다운로드를 한번에 해결하고 싶다면... [Vuze] http://hwcdn01.vuze.com/files/Vuze_Installer.exe
                                                              [Bit Che] http://www.convivea.com/download.php?id=2
                                                              [torrent fetcher v.1.03] 
                                                                           http://downloads.zinious.com/TorrentFetcher_1.03__setup.exe
                                                              [torrent harvester] http://www.torrentharvester.com/       
                                                             

☞ 토렌트Torrent 관련 글 보기

---

아래는 http://www.utorrent.com/faq 를 옮긴 것이다.

What are µTorrent's system requirements? 시스템 요구 사양

Very low! µTorrent will work on any Windows OS from 2000 to Windows 7. The Mac version will work on OS X 10.5 and 10.6.
모든 윈도우즈 OS , 맥버전 OS 10.5~6

Is µTorrent open source?

No. It is not likely to become open source. 오픈 소스 아님

Is there a Mac or Linux version?

Yes, there is a Mac version! Download it now! ← 매킨토시 버전

Linux users can run µTorrent with the latest version of Wine. ← 리눅스 사용자

What do the red icons (/) mean on the torrent status icons?

These red icons indicate that µTorrent was not able to reach the tracker. This could happen when the tracker goes offline, becomes overloaded, or when the domain simply doesn't exist anymore. Check the Trackers tab to see the exact error message. This is generally non-fatal and no action should be taken.
빨간 상태 아이콘의 의미 - 트래커 미도달 ; 트래커의 오프파인 , 과부하 , 도메인 부재
(트래커 탭의 에러 메시지 확인 , 일반적으로 치명적이지 않으므로 특정 조치 불필요)


What do all the status icons mean? 상태 아이콘의 의미

          means the torrent is downloading  다운로드 진행 중

• means the torrent is downloading, but there is a tracker error 다운로드 진행 중이지만 트래커 에러
• means the torrent is seeding  씨드 진행 중
• means the torrent is seeding  씨드 진행 중이지만 트래커 에러
• means the torrent is a queued download  다운로드 지체
• means the torrent is a queued seed 씨드 중지
• means the torrent is a stopped download  다운로드 중지
• means the torrent is a stopped seed 씨드 중지
• means the torrent is paused 씨드 일시정지
• means the torrent has an error (check the status column) 에러 (상태 열 확인)

 

How can I rename a torrent's folder? 토렌트 폴더의 이름바꾸기

If you're adding a new torrent, you can rename it with the BitComet-style add torrent dialog by simply changing the save path (the folder doesn't have to exist). If the torrent already exists, stop the torrent, rename the folder to whatever you like, then in µTorrent, right click on the torrent, pick Advanced -> "Set download folder", and point it to the newly renamed folder. Then, simply start the torrent again (no need to force re-check).
토렌트를 추가할 경우, 토렌트 대화창에서 저장 경로(폴더가 반드시 존재해야 하는 것은 아님)를 바꿔 주기만 하면 된다.
이미 있는 토렌트일 경우, 토렌트를 중지한 후, 원하는 폴더명으로 바꾸면 되고, 뮤토렌트 화면의 해당 토렌트에서 마우스 오른쪽 버튼을 클릭하여 고급 -  "저장위치 지정"을 선택하여 새로운 폴더로 지정 후 토렌트를 다시 시작하면 된다.(강제시작할 필요 없음)

How can I rename a torrent in the main listview?
主목록창에서 토렌트 이름바꾸기

(1.5.1 beta 460 and later) Select the torrent and press F2, or single click. Pressing Esc will cancel the rename.
토렌트 선택 후 F2를 누르거나 한번 클릭하면 되고, Esc를 누르면 이름바꾸기가 취소된다.

What do all these BitTorrent terms mean, such as seeder, snubbed, etc?

See BTFAQ.com's Definitions of BitTorrent Terms

torrent

Usually this refers to the small metadata file you receive from the web server (the one that ends in .torrent.)

웹서버로부터 사용자가 받는 작은 크기의 .torrent로 끝나는 메타 데이터.

Metadata here means that the file contains information about the data you want to download, not the data itself.

메타 데이터란 다운로드 받고자 하는 파일 자체가 아니라 해당 파일에 대한 정보를 갖고 있는 파일을 의미한다.

This is what is sent to your computer when you click on a download link on a website.

웹사이트에서 다운로드 링크를 클릭했을 때 사용자의 컴퓨터로 전송되는 것을 나타낸다.

You can also save the torrent file to your local system, and then click on it to open the BitTorrent download.

토렌트 파일을 사용자의 컴퓨터에 저장할 수도 있고, 비트토렌트에서 열어 다운로드 가능하다.

This is useful if you want to be able to re-open the torrent later on without having to find the link again.

나중에 토렌트 파일을 다시 열기를 원할 경우 링크를 다시 찾을 필요가 없어 유용하다. 

In some uses, it can also refer to everything associated with a certain file available with BitTorrent.

어떤 경우에는 비트 토렌트로 활용가능한 특정 파일과 연계된 모든 것을 뜻하기도 한다.

For example, someone might say "I downloaded that torrent" or "that server has a lot of good torrents", meaning there are lots of good files available via BitTorrent on that server.

예를 들면, "그 토렌트를 다운로드 했어" 혹은 "그 서버에는 좋은 토렌트가 많아"라고 누군가 말한다면 그 서버에는 비트 토렌트를 통해 구할 수 있는 좋은 파일이 많다는 의미이다. 

peer

A peer is another computer on the internet that you connect to and transfer data.

피어는 사용자가 연결하여 데이터를 전송할 수 있는 인터넷상의 다른 컴퓨터이다. 

Generally a peer does not have the complete file, otherwise it would be called a seed.

일반적으로 피어는 완전한 파일을 갖고 있지 않은데 그렇지 않는 경우는 '씨드'라고 불린다. 

Some people also refer to peers as leeches, to distinguish them from those generous folks who have completed their download and continue to leave the client running and act as a seed. 다운로드를 완료했거나 다른이들을 위해 토렌트를 계속 남겨 두거나, 씨드 역할을 하는 우호적인 사람들과 구분하기 위해 어떤 사람들은 피어 대신 리치(;거머리)라고도 부른다.

seed

A computer that has a complete copy of a certain torrent. 어떤 토렌트 파일의 완전한 사본을 가진 컴퓨터.

Once your client finishes downloading, it will remain open until you click the Finish button (or otherwise close it.)

This is known as being a seed or seeding.

접속자가 다운로드를 마쳤어도 종료 버튼을 누르거나 끝내기 전까지는 토렌트가 열려 있다.

You can also start a BT client with a complete file, and once BT has checked the file it will connect and seed the file to others. 완전한 파일로 BT 접속자로서 시작할 수 있고, BT가 파일을 체크했다면 그 파일을 다른 사용자에게 연결하고 씨드 할 수 있다.

Generally, it's considered good manners to continue seeding a file after you have finished downloading, to help out others. 일반적으로, 다른 사람을 생각해서 다운로드 완료후에도 해당 파일을 계속 씨드하는 것이 좋은 예절로 간주된다.

Also, when a new torrent is posted to a tracker, someone must seed it in order for it to be available to others.

또한, 트래커에 새 토렌트가 게시되었을 때에도 누군가는 다른 사람들이 사용할 수 있도록 씨드해야만 한다.

Remember, the tracker doesn't know anything of the actual contents of a file, so it's important to follow through and seed a file if you upload the torrent to a tracker. 트래커는 파일의 실제 콘텐츠에 대해서 전혀 모르고 있으므로 트래커에 토렌트를 업로드한다면 그대로 따라하고 씨드하는 것이 중요하다.

reseed

When there are zero seeds for a given torrent (and not enough peers to have a distributed copy), then eventually all the peers will get stuck with an incomplete file, since no one in the swarm has the missing pieces. When this happens, someone with a complete file (a seed) must connect to the swarm so that those missing pieces can be transferred. This is called reseeding. Usually a request for a reseed comes with an implicit promise that the requester will leave his or her client open for some time period after finishing (to add longevity to the torrent) in return for the kind soul reseeding the file.

swarm

The group of machines that are collectively connected for a particular file. For example, if you start a BitTorrent client and it tells you that you're connected to 10 peers and 3 seeds, then the swarm consists of you and those 13 other people.

tracker

A server on the Internet that acts to coordinate the action of BitTorrent clients.

인터넷 상에서 BT 토렌트 접속자의 활동을 조율하는 역할을 하는 서버.

When you open a torrent, your machine contacts the tracker and asks for a list of peers to contact.

사용자가 토렌트를 열면 사용자의 컴퓨터는 트래커에 접촉하고 접촉 가능한 피어 목록을 요구하게 된다.

Periodically throughout the transfer, your machine will check in with the tracker, telling it how much you've downloaded and uploaded, how much you have left before finishing, and the state you're in (starting, finished download, stopping.)

If a tracker is down and you try to open a torrent, you will be unable to connect.

전송중일 때, 사용자 컴퓨터는 주기적으로 트래커로 얼마나 다운로드/업로드 했는지, 끝내기까지 얼마나 남았는지, 현재의 상태는 어떤지(시작, 다운로드 완료, 멈춤)를 확인한다.

If a tracker goes down during a torrent (i.e., you have already connected at some point and are already talking to peers), you will be able to continue transferring with those peers, but no new peers will be able to contact you.

어떤 토렌트 도중(예를 들면...사용자가 이미 몇 개의 포인트에  연결되었거나 피어들에게 이미 전달하고 있을 경우) 트래커가 다운되면, 사용자는 해당 피어들에게 계속 전송할 수 있으나 새로운 피어는 접촉할 수 없다.

Often tracker errors are temporary, so the best thing to do is just wait and leave the client open to continue trying.

보통 트래커 에러는 일시적이므로 최선의 방법은 그저 기다리고 접속자가 계속 열기를 시도하게 두는 것이다.  

downloading

Receiving data FROM another computer.

uploading

Sending data TO another computer.

share rating

If you are using the experimental client with the stats-patch, you will see a share rating displayed on the GUI panel. This is simply the ratio of your amount uploaded divided by your amount downloaded. The amounts used are for the current session only, not over the history of the file. If you achieve a share ratio of 1.0, that would mean you've uploaded as much as you've downloaded. The higher the number, the more you have contributed. If you see a share ratio of "oo", this means infinity, which will happen if you open a BT client with a complete file (i.e., you seed the file.) In this case you download nothing since you have the full file, and so anything you send will cause the ratio to reach infinity. Note: The share rating is just a number that is displayed for your convenience. It does not directly affect any aspect of the client at all. In general, out of courtesy to others you should strive to keep this ratio as high as possible, of course.

distributed copies

In some versions of the client, you will see the text "Connected to n seeds; also seeing n.nnn distributed copies." A seed is a machine with the complete file. However, the swarm can collectively have a complete copy (or copies) of the file, and that is what this is telling you. Referring again to the "people at a table" analogy (see What is BitTorrent?), consider the case where the book has 10 pages, and person A has pp.1-5 and B has pp.6-10. Collectively, A and B have a complete copy of the book, even though no one person has the whole thing. In other words, even if there are no seeds, as long as there is at least one distributed copy of the file everyone can eventually get a complete file. Meditate on this, the Zen of BitTorrent, grasshopper.

choked

This is a term used in the description of the BitTorrent protocol. It refers to the state of an uploader, i.e. the thread that sends data to another peer. When a connection is choked, it means that the transmitter doesn't currently want to send anything on that link. A BT client signals that it's choked to other clients for a number of reasons, but the most common is that by default a client will only maintain --max_uploads active simultaneous uploads, the rest will be marked choked. (The default value is 4 and this is the same setting that experimental client GUI lets you adjust.) A connection can also be choked for other reasons, for example a peer downloading from a seed will mark his connection as choked since the seed is not interested in receiving anything. Note that since each connection is bidirectional and symmetrical, there are two choked flags for each connection, one for each Tx endpoint.

interested

Another term used in the protocol specification. This is the corollary to the choked flag, in that interested refers to the state of a downloader with respect to a connection. A downloader is marked as interested if the other end of the link has any pieces that the client wants, otherwise the connection is marked as not interested.

snubbed

If the client has not received anything after a certain period (default: 60 seconds), it marks a connection as snubbed, in that the peer on the other end has chosen not to send in a while. See the definition of choked for reasons why an uploader might mark a connection as choked. The real function of keeping track of this variable is to improve download speeds. Occasionally the client will find itself in a state where even though it is connected to many peers, it is choked by all of them. The client uses the snubbed flag in an attempt to prevent this situation. It notes that a peer with whom it would like to trade pieces with has not sent anything in a while, and rather than leaving it up to the optimistic choking to eventuall select that peer, it instead reserves one of its upload slots for sending to that peer. (Reference)

optimistic unchoking

Periodically, the client shakes up the list of uploaders and tries sending on different connections that were previously choked, and choking the connections it was just using. You can observe this action every 10 or 20 seconds or so, by watching the "Advanced" panel of one of the experimental clients.

What are labels and what can they be used for? 레이블의 사용법
Labels are a powerful feature in µTorrent. 레이블은 뮤토렌트의 강력한 특징. 
They can be used for simply labeling your torrents to identify them, or to use for sorting the torrents more easily.
토렌트를 구분할 수 있게 간단하게 레이블을 붙이거나  보다 쉽게 토렌트를 정렬하는데 사용할 수 있다.
For example, you could label your torrents from private trackers as "private", and then click on the Labels column to easily sort all your private torrents.
예를 들면, 개인적인 트래커들을 "개인용"이라고 레이블링하고, 레이블 열을 클릭하기만 하면 모든 개인적 토렌트는 정렬된다.
You can select one torrent or more than one to apply a label.

          Simply right click on the torrent(s), go to Label, and click "New label..." to add a label, or select an already existing label. This can be done regardless of it a torrent already had a label. 토렌트에서 그저 오른쪽 클릭하고, 레이블에서 "새 레이블"을 선택한 후 레이블을 추가하거나 이미 만들어져 있는 레이블을 선택하면 된다.

          To remove a label from a torrent, right click the torrent, Labels -> Remove Label.
          토렌트의 레이블 삭제는 토렌트를 오른쪽 클릭하여 레이블 - 레이블 삭제 하면 된다.
          Unused labels are automatically removed from the list. 사용하지 않는 레이블은 목록에서 자동적으로 삭제된다.
          If you would like labels that never disappear, you can add persistent labels in Advanced -> User Interface.
          만약 사라지지 않는 레이블이 좋다면, 옵션 - 설정 - 고급 > UI기타 > 영구 라벨에 추가하면 된다. 
         The benefit of normal and persistent labels is that they can be used in tandem with "Move completed downloads to" in the Folders section.
          The label would be used as a subdirectory to place the completed download in.
          See Can µTorrent automatically move files when the torrent finishes? for further explanation.


What does Wasted and hashfails mean? 쓰레기와 해시실패의 의미
Wasted shows a combination of discarded data and bad data. wasted는 버려진 데이터와 불량 데이터의 결합을 나타낸다.
Discarded data is data that's sent to you by a peer that your client didn't want.
버려진 데이터는 사용자의 컴퓨터와 연결된 접속자가 원하지 않아서 피어에 의해 보내진 데이터이다.
Hashfails happen when bad data is received and the client throws it out.
불량 데이터를 수신하고서 접속자가 던져버리면 해쉬실패가 일어난다.
µTorrent automatically verifies all downloaded data and will ensure that only correct data is written to disk.
뮤토렌트는 모든 다운로드 데이터를 확인하고 올바른 데이터만 디스크에 기록되도록 한다.


What does availability mean? '가용'의 뜻(주목록창의 중앙부 스크롤바를 우측으로 하면 나옴)
That number tells you how many unique copies of the file are available between yourself and the peers you're connected to.
그 숫자는 사용자와 연결된 피어 간에 얼마나 많은 단일 사본이 이용가능한지를 알려준다.
If this is less than 1, you most likely will not be able to complete the torrent.
만약 1보다 작다면 그 토렌트를 완료할 수 없을 것이라는 것이다.
The only thing you can do is wait and hope a seeder hops onto the torrent to allow you to complete it.
할 수 있는 유일한 것이란 기다리는 것과 파일을 완료할 수 있게 씨더가 토렌트를 다시 시작하기를 바라는 것이다. 
You can also try and request a "reseed" on the tracker's forum. 트래커 포럼에 "리씨드"를 요청할 수도 있다.
Sometimes, this may never happen because the torrent was abandoned, and you may need to find the torrent elsewhere.
때로는 이런 일은 전혀 일어나지 않는데 왜냐하면 토렌트는 (관리자 없이) 방치되는 곳이기에 다른 곳에서 토렌트를 찾아야 한다.

What is M-Lab?

µTorrent has partnered with Measurement Lab (M-Lab), to provide internet testing tools for our users.

Measurement Lab (M-Lab) is an open, distributed server platform for researchers to deploy Internet measurement tools. The goal of M-Lab is to advance network research and empower the public with useful information about their broadband connections. By enhancing Internet transparency, M-Lab helps sustain a healthy, innovative Internet.

No personally identifiable information is shared by using the Measurement Lab testing tools in µTorrent. The data collected in the process of testing is, however, intended to be made open and available for researchers in accordance with the policies of Measurement Lab. Details of the data created by the tests is available here. Network Diagnostic Tool is the first to be made available through the client